from __future__ import annotations

from aiohttp import ClientSession, ClientTimeout, ClientError
import json
import hashlib
from pathlib import Path
from urllib.parse import urlparse, quote_plus
from datetime import date
import asyncio

# Optional dependencies
try:
    from duckduckgo_search import DDGS
    from duckduckgo_search.exceptions import DuckDuckGoSearchException
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
    ddgs = DDGS()
    has_requirements = True
except ImportError:
    has_requirements = False

try:
    import spacy
    has_spacy = True
except ImportError:
    has_spacy = False

from typing import Iterator, List, Optional
from ..cookies import get_cookies_dir
from ..providers.response import format_link, JsonMixin, Sources
from ..errors import MissingRequirementsError
from .. import debug

DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS = """
Using the provided web search results, to write a comprehensive reply to the user request.
Make sure to add the sources of cites using [[Number]](Url) notation after the reference. Example: [[0]](http://google.com)
"""

class SearchResults(JsonMixin):
    """
    Represents a collection of search result entries along with the count of used words.
    """
    def __init__(self, results: List[SearchResultEntry], used_words: int):
        self.results = results
        self.used_words = used_words

    @classmethod
    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> SearchResults:
        return cls(
            [SearchResultEntry(**item) for item in data["results"]],
            data["used_words"]
        )

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[SearchResultEntry]:
        yield from self.results

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        # Build a string representation of the search results with markdown formatting.
        output = []
        for idx, result in enumerate(self.results):
            parts = [
                f"Title: {result.title}",
                "",
                result.text if result.text else result.snippet,
                "",
                f"Source: [[{idx}]]({result.url})"
            ]
            output.append("\n".join(parts))
        return "\n\n\n".join(output)

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self.results)

    def get_sources(self) -> Sources:
        return Sources([{"url": result.url, "title": result.title} for result in self.results])

    def get_dict(self) -> dict:
        return {
            "results": [result.get_dict() for result in self.results],
            "used_words": self.used_words
        }

class SearchResultEntry(JsonMixin):
    """
    Represents a single search result entry.
    """
    def __init__(self, title: str, url: str, snippet: str, text: Optional[str] = None):
        self.title = title
        self.url = url
        self.snippet = snippet
        self.text = text

    def set_text(self, text: str) -> None:
        self.text = text

def scrape_text(html: str, max_words: Optional[int] = None, add_source: bool = True, count_images: int = 2) -> Iterator[str]:
    """
    Parses the provided HTML and yields text fragments.
    
    Args:
        html (str): HTML content to scrape.
        max_words (int, optional): Maximum words allowed. Defaults to None.
        add_source (bool): Whether to append source link at the end.
        count_images (int): Maximum number of images to include.
    
    Yields:
        str: Text or markdown image links extracted from the HTML.
    """
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    # Try to narrow the parsing scope using common selectors.
    for selector in [
        "main", ".main-content-wrapper", ".main-content", ".emt-container-inner",
        ".content-wrapper", "#content", "#mainContent",
    ]:
        selected = soup.select_one(selector)
        if selected:
            soup = selected
            break

    # Remove unwanted elements.
    for remove_selector in [".c-globalDisclosure"]:
        unwanted = soup.select_one(remove_selector)
        if unwanted:
            unwanted.extract()

    image_selector = "img[alt][src^=http]:not([alt='']):not(.avatar):not([width])"
    image_link_selector = f"a:has({image_selector})"
    seen_texts = []
    
    # Iterate over paragraphs and other elements.
    for element in soup.select(f"h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, pre, table:not(:has(p)), ul:not(:has(p)), {image_link_selector}"):
        # Process images if available and allowed.
        if count_images > 0:
            image = element.select_one(image_selector)
            if image:
                # Use the element's title attribute if available, otherwise use its text.
                title = str(element.get("title", element.text))
                if title:
                    yield f"!{format_link(image['src'], title)}\n"
                    if max_words is not None:
                        max_words -= 10
                    count_images -= 1
                continue

        # Split the element text into lines and yield non-duplicate lines.
        for line in element.get_text(" ").splitlines():
            words = [word for word in line.split() if word]
            if not words:
                continue
            joined_line = " ".join(words)
            if joined_line in seen_texts:
                continue
            if max_words is not None:
                max_words -= len(words)
                if max_words <= 0:
                    break
            yield joined_line + "\n"
            seen_texts.append(joined_line)

    # Add a canonical link as source info if requested.
    if add_source:
        canonical_link = soup.find("link", rel="canonical")
        if canonical_link and "href" in canonical_link.attrs:
            link = canonical_link["href"]
            domain = urlparse(link).netloc
            yield f"\nSource: [{domain}]({link})"

async def fetch_and_scrape(session: ClientSession, url: str, max_words: Optional[int] = None, add_source: bool = False) -> str:
    """
    Fetches a URL and returns the scraped text, using caching to avoid redundant downloads.
    
    Args:
        session (ClientSession): An aiohttp client session.
        url (str): URL to fetch.
        max_words (int, optional): Maximum words for the scraped text.
        add_source (bool): Whether to append source link.
    
    Returns:
        str: The scraped text or an empty string in case of errors.
    """
    try:
        cache_dir: Path = Path(get_cookies_dir()) / ".scrape_cache" / "fetch_and_scrape"
        cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        md5_hash = hashlib.md5(url.encode(errors="ignore")).hexdigest()
        # Build cache filename using a portion of the URL and current date.
        cache_file = cache_dir / f"{quote_plus(url.split('?')[0].split('//')[1].replace('/', ' ')[:48])}.{date.today()}.{md5_hash[:16]}.cache"
        if cache_file.exists():
            return cache_file.read_text()

        async with session.get(url) as response:
            if response.status == 200:
                html = await response.text(errors="replace")
                scraped_text = "".join(scrape_text(html, max_words, add_source))
                with open(cache_file, "wb") as f:
                    f.write(scraped_text.encode(errors="replace"))
                return scraped_text
    except (ClientError, asyncio.TimeoutError):
        return ""
    return ""

async def search(
    query: str,
    max_results: int = 5,
    max_words: int = 2500,
    backend: str = "auto",
    add_text: bool = True,
    timeout: int = 5,
    region: str = "wt-wt",
    provider: str = "DDG"  # Default fallback to DuckDuckGo
) -> SearchResults:
    """
    Performs a web search and returns search results.
    
    Args:
        query (str): The search query.
        max_results (int): Maximum number of results.
        max_words (int): Maximum words for textual results.
        backend (str): Backend type.
        add_text (bool): Whether to fetch and add full text to each result.
        timeout (int): Timeout for HTTP requests.
        region (str): Region parameter for the search engine.
        provider (str): The search provider to use.
    
    Returns:
        SearchResults: The collection of search results and used words.
    """
    # If using SearXNG provider.
    if provider == "SearXNG":
        from ..Provider.SearXNG import SearXNG

        debug.log(f"[SearXNG] Using local container for query: {query}")

        results_texts = []
        async for chunk in SearXNG.create_async_generator(
            "SearXNG",
            [{"role": "user", "content": query}],
            max_results=max_results,
            max_words=max_words,
            add_text=add_text
        ):
            if isinstance(chunk, str):
                results_texts.append(chunk)

        used_words = sum(text.count(" ") for text in results_texts)

        return SearchResults([
            SearchResultEntry(
                title=f"Result {i + 1}",
                url="",
                snippet=text,
                text=text
            ) for i, text in enumerate(results_texts)
        ], used_words=used_words)

    # -------------------------
    # Default: DuckDuckGo logic
    # -------------------------
    debug.log(f"[DuckDuckGo] Using local container for query: {query}")

    if not has_requirements:
        raise MissingRequirementsError('Install "duckduckgo-search" and "beautifulsoup4" | pip install -U g4f[search]')

    results: List[SearchResultEntry] = []
    for result in ddgs.text(
        query,
        region=region,
        safesearch="moderate",
        timelimit="y",
        max_results=max_results,
        backend=backend,
    ):
        if ".google." in result["href"]:
            continue
        results.append(SearchResultEntry(
            title=result["title"],
            url=result["href"],
            snippet=result["body"]
        ))

    # Optionally add full text for each result.
    if add_text:
        tasks = []
        async with ClientSession(timeout=ClientTimeout(timeout)) as session:
            for entry in results:
                # Divide available words among results
                tasks.append(fetch_and_scrape(session, entry.url, int(max_words / (max_results - 1)), False))
            texts = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

    formatted_results: List[SearchResultEntry] = []
    used_words = 0
    left_words = max_words
    for i, entry in enumerate(results):
        if add_text:
            entry.text = texts[i]
        # Deduct word counts for title and text/snippet.
        left_words -= entry.title.count(" ") + 5
        if entry.text:
            left_words -= entry.text.count(" ")
        else:
            left_words -= entry.snippet.count(" ")
        if left_words < 0:
            break
        used_words = max_words - left_words
        formatted_results.append(entry)

    return SearchResults(formatted_results, used_words)

async def do_search(
    prompt: str,
    query: Optional[str] = None,
    instructions: str = DEFAULT_INSTRUCTIONS,
    **kwargs
) -> tuple[str, Optional[Sources]]:
    """
    Combines search results with the user prompt, using caching for improved efficiency.
    
    Args:
        prompt (str): The user prompt.
        query (str, optional): The search query. If None the first line of prompt is used.
        instructions (str): Additional instructions to append.
        **kwargs: Additional parameters for the search.
    
    Returns:
        tuple[str, Optional[Sources]]: A tuple containing the new prompt with search results and the sources.
    """
    if not isinstance(prompt, str):
        return prompt, None

    # If the prompt already includes the instructions, do not perform a search.
    if instructions and instructions in prompt:
        return prompt, None

    if prompt.startswith("##") and query is None:
        return prompt, None

    # Use the first line of the prompt as the query if not provided.
    if query is None:
        query = prompt.strip().splitlines()[0]

    # Prepare a cache key.
    json_bytes = json.dumps({"query": query, **kwargs}, sort_keys=True).encode(errors="ignore")
    md5_hash = hashlib.md5(json_bytes).hexdigest()
    cache_dir: Path = Path(get_cookies_dir()) / ".scrape_cache" / "web_search" / f"{date.today()}"
    cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    cache_file = cache_dir / f"{quote_plus(query[:20])}.{md5_hash}.cache"

    search_results: Optional[SearchResults] = None
    # Load cached search results if available.
    if cache_file.exists():
        with cache_file.open("r") as f:
            try:
                search_results = SearchResults.from_dict(json.loads(f.read()))
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                search_results = None

    # Otherwise perform the search.
    if search_results is None:
        search_results = await search(query, **kwargs)
        if search_results.results:
            with cache_file.open("w") as f:
                f.write(json.dumps(search_results.get_dict()))

    if instructions:
        new_prompt = f"""
{search_results}

Instruction: {instructions}

User request:
{prompt}
"""
    else:
        new_prompt = f"""
{search_results}

{prompt}
"""

    debug.log(f"Web search: '{query.strip()[:50]}...'")
    debug.log(f"with {len(search_results.results)} Results {search_results.used_words} Words")
    return new_prompt.strip(), search_results.get_sources()

def get_search_message(prompt: str, raise_search_exceptions: bool = False, **kwargs) -> str:
    """
    Synchronously obtains the search message by wrapping the async search call.
    
    Args:
        prompt (str): The original prompt.
        raise_search_exceptions (bool): Whether to propagate search exceptions.
        **kwargs: Additional search parameters.
    
    Returns:
        str: The new prompt including search results.
    """
    try:
        result, _ = asyncio.run(do_search(prompt, **kwargs))
        return result
    except (DuckDuckGoSearchException, MissingRequirementsError) as e:
        if raise_search_exceptions:
            raise e
        debug.error(f"Couldn't do web search: {e.__class__.__name__}: {e}")
        return prompt